Course Schedular — Algorithm Visualization & Coding Challenge

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Understanding Course Schedular
Detailed explanation and reference materials
Problem Overview

public class CourseSchedule { //Directed Graph //Topological Sort Using Kahn's Algorithm (BFS) public boolean canFinish(int numCourses, int[][] prerequisites) { int[] inDegree = new int[numCourses]; List<List<Integer>> adj = new ArrayList<>(numCourses); for(int i = 0; i < numCourses; i++) { adj.add(new ArrayList<>()); } for(int[] prerequisite : prerequisites) { //To take course a, you must first take course b. int dest = prerequisite[0]; // course to be taken later int src = prerequisite[1]; // course that must be taken first adj.get(src).add(dest); // Create the adjacency list; as in the graph representation. Directed edge from src to dest; Directed Graph inDegree[dest]++; } Queue<Integer> queue = new ArrayDeque<>(); for(int i = 0; i < numCourses; i++) { if(inDegree[i] == 0) { queue.offer(i); } } int visitedNode = 0; while(!queue.isEmpty()) { int node = queue.poll(); visitedNode++; for(int neighbor : adj.get(node)) { inDegree[neighbor]--; // Delete the edge "node -> neighbor". So, backtracking?? if(inDegree[neighbor] == 0) { queue.offer(neighbor); } } } return visitedNode == numCourses; } //Time complexity: O(V + E) → V = number of courses, E = number of prerequisites //Space complexity: O(V + E) → adjacency list and in-degree array

//DFS with Cycle Detection
public boolean canFinishDFS(int numCourses, int[][] prerequisites) {
    List<List<Integer>> adj = new ArrayList<>(numCourses);
    for(int i = 0; i < numCourses; i++) {
        adj.add(new ArrayList<>());
    }
    for(int[] prerequisite : prerequisites) {
        int dest = prerequisite[0];
        int src = prerequisite[1];
        adj.get(src).add(dest);
    }
    boolean[] visited = new boolean[numCourses];
    boolean[] recStack = new boolean[numCourses];
    for(int i = 0; i < numCourses; i++) {
        if(dfsCycleDetect(i, adj, visited, recStack)) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    return true;
}
private boolean dfsCycleDetect(int node, List<List<Integer>> adj, boolean[] visited, boolean[] recStack) {
    if(recStack[node]) {                                    // If the node is already in the stack, we have a cycle.
        return true;
    }
    if(visited[node]) {                                     // If already visited and not in recStack, no cycle from this node.
        return false;
    }
    visited[node] = true;                                   // Mark the current node as visited and part of current recursion stack.
    recStack[node] = true;
    for(int neighbor : adj.get(node)) {
        if(dfsCycleDetect(neighbor, adj, visited, recStack)) {
            return true;
        }
    }
    recStack[node] = false;                                // Remove the node from recursion stack before backtracking.
    return false;
}
//Time complexity: O(V + E) → V = number of courses, E = number of prerequisites
//Space complexity: O(V + E) → adjacency list, visited array, and recursion stack

}

— Written by Saurabh Patil • B.Tech CSE • Software Developer

Categories
graphs
java
Reference Link
https://leetcode.com/problems/course-schedule/description/

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